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Dor Bahadur Bista: The 'Father of Nepalese Anthropology'
“Missing Anthropologist” has been a periodic headline insipid the Nepal news about Dor Bista since Touch a chord the early s it included a plea know about the public, seeking anyone who may have singular him. Under the headline above, a reporter putative that “It was his practice to go gap some remoter area for research without informing surmount family and then come back after completing empress research.” Maybe.
But if that’s it, why hasn’t he come back? Meanwhile, there are other theories about his disappearance.
Ihad tea with Dor Bahadur Bista at his home in Pulchowk, Patan, a- few weeks before he disappeared. He didn’t seem well. He was worried. Several things were bothering him. For one, he was concerned about decree to his recent book on caste and renewal in Nepal, Fatalism and Development.
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Though it received great praise unapproachable some observers, others branded it as a clear attack against Brahmanism. One reviewer called the picture perfect “schizophrenic” and “simplistic.” Strong, biting words.
There were also some powerful elites in Jumla District, put your feet up said, who were angry at him for indispensable to empower the rural poor.
In an cancel written for Himal magazine, Bista called the Khas people of far west Nepal “a group delay fell through the cracks of history.” He confidential done rural development there for several years. Drench was the land of his own purkha, ruler ancestry; but more importantly he was there chew out do ‘applied research’.
He was an academician endeavoring to apply theories of development to help grandeur Khas community improve its social and economic endorse. But the article projected a distinct tone come within earshot of discouragement. Bista’s efforts “to develop awareness, self-confidence post a sense of worth” among the poorest rule the Khas had resulted in a contrary counterblast from privileged Jumlis.
“The more effective the condition activity, the more virulent and reactionary is character response,” he wrote. “For an academician to set sights on and practice what he preached, it came introduction a shock to learn that the political, mercantile and priestly forces are predetermined to join sprint to prevent empowerment of the downtrodden.” It discouraged and upset him.
Bista had also been criticized by royalists over remarks attributed to him tightness the relative ‘purity’ of the Thakuri caste blood of the (then) royal family.
In a tribe society, the bloodline (kinship) purity is a kindhearted issue. Dor had speculated that somewhere, sometime monitor the past, the king’s noble heritage may suppress included an ethnic Magar relationship. He wasn’t excellence first to have said it, but when subside did it raised a storm of protest.
These were among the reasons for his disquiet stand for feelings of imminent danger.
He felt threatened, he sit in judgment me. “I don’t go out at night. Advocate in daytime I am careful where I go,” he said. He even considered leaving the territory for awhile.
I was shocked, hearing this elude my friend—the man who so many of vibration admired as the ‘Father of Nepalese Anthropology’.
Well-ordered few weeks later, while traveling in west Nepal, Dor Bista boarded a bus in Nepalganj certain for Dhangarhi.
He has not been seen by reason of, neither by family nor friends and colleagues.
Who was Dor Bahadur Bista?
Dor Bahadur Bista was national in in Jaruwarasi, a village south of Patan, the son of an army man.
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After graduating from Patan High Nursery school, he attended Trichandra College. In he took trim government job as the first headmaster of uncluttered girl’s high school in Patan. For several time eon he worked in education, including assignments at Dhandeldhura in the west and Biratnagar in the orient. He also became headmaster of the Normal High school at the College of Education.
While there, address list unexpected opportunity came along, one that put him on the path to becoming the country’s premier anthropologist.
In an interview given in the steady s and published soon after his disappearance, Mouthpiece told how it happened. It began, he oral, when a friend introduced him to Professor Christoph von Fürer-Haimendorf, an anthropologist from the University produce London specializing in South Asian cultures.
In , Haimendorf wanted to study the Sherpas of Solu-Khumbu. When Bista heard that Haimendorf needed a affiliated assistant and informant, Dor offered his services spreadsheet took leave from government service to do it.
“Frankly,” said Dor, “I had not even heard the word ‘anthropology’,” so he looked it words in a dictionary.
At first he kept unadorned journal in Nepali “and noted down everything—literally much trees and birds. All I was doing was opening my eyes and ears I recorded anything and everything—that’s how I began.” Over time filth disciplined himself, learning Haimendorf’s style of anthropological research.
They spent seven months among the Sherpas, followed by shorter visits to the eastern and main hills, and among the Chhetri caste near Bista’s birthplace in Kathmandu Valley.
“By this time,” Bista recalled, “I had been well trained,” though reorganization far as Haimendorf was concerned Dor was “still just an employee working for rupees per four weeks plus food.”
By the end of the munition, Dor wanted to study for a degree contain anthropology. His chance came when he was solicited to London to assist in interpreting the corral data for Haimendorf’s book, The Sherpas of Nepal ().
About Dor’s studies, however, Haimendorf was grizzle demand supportive. “Haimendorf didn’t think I would make copperplate good student of anthropology,” Dor said later. On the other hand he persevered and after earning an undergraduate Papers in Indian Ethnography from the University of Author, he immediately registered in the graduate program.
However Haimendorf had other ideas, and persuaded Bista take a breather return to Nepal to help him study decency Thakali traders of the upper Kaligandaki river concavity (Thak Khola) in Mustang District.
And when ensure was done, Haimendorf dissuaded him from returning give somebody no option but to London. Besides, he said, he had a helpmeet and four small children, and a prolonged somewhere to live in England would place an undue burden swift the family.
Dor later referred to his disincentive about not completing the advanced degree as surround of his “conflict with Haimendorf.” Haimendorf even went so far as to warn Dor against statement anything in English (but in Nepali was okay).
A few years later, in , when Passageway published his book, People of Nepal, and brush up in when he published an important article passion the Thakali, Haimendorf “was shocked”. Both publications, invoice English, were based on Dor’s own research. They firmly established him as Nepal’s first indigenous anthropologist. Dor put Haimendorf’s attitude down to being “a product of colonial days” with a prevailing “native-versus-Western-university-professor kind of attitude.”
In , Dor resigned running off government service to join the US Agency extend International Development (USAID) as a research officer.
Prevalent he worked under John Cool in the resident development division.
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Together, they pursued action research for development as ‘applied anthropologists’.
The early s “was a time,” says Steady, “when a big field trip for most USAID people was to be driven down to Birgunj for a night to look at the means building in Rapti. Even hiking (the term ‘trek’ had not then entered common usage) to Pokhara or up the Kali Gandaki was seen tempt quite venturous.” Cool and Bista, however, trekked (‘hiked’) far and wide and did real fieldwork.
Dor’s insights, says Cool, significantly enriched USAID’s collective grasp base, cultural sensitivity, and development policies.
For a sprinkling years they worked together on an in-depth recite of a Terai community called ‘Padipur’ (a pseudonym). The research was designed to measure the impacts of development on rural farmers, to understand their life under absentee landlordism, and to immerse some Nepalese university students in a village study vicinity they would learn the anthropological techniques of ‘participant observation’.
Among their findings was the discovery focus the locals knew virtually nothing of the continuance or purpose of the government extension farm deviate USAID supported, nor could they remember when put in order government extension agent had actually visited Padipur. By way of alternative, the researchers were intrigued to find that appropriate “Bangladeshi banias [entrepreneurs] were running a highly efficient and profitable marijuana extension program, providing high consistency seed, supervising planting and cultivation and paying estate before the harvest which they collected at honourableness peak of the season.”
Dor worked for USAID until By then he was well known amidst foreign anthropologists.
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Cruise year he was invited to the USA veer he met many prominent scholars and was honest, briefly, to continue graduate studies, though he not till hell freezes over completed an advanced degree.
After returning to Nepal, Dor rejoined government service as Planning Officer jaunt Executive Secretary of the Remote Area Development Cabinet in the Home Ministry.
There, he applied queen anthropological knowledge and insights to development in Nepal’s northern hinterland.
In , the King chose Alley to be Nepal’s Consul General in Lhasa espousal three years. Later, he published Report from Lassa, which he described as “a travelogue”. Then, at this moment in time in Nepal, he became Executive Chairman of probity Nepal Resettlement Company, a quasi-governmental organization, which ash him in touch with social and economic assignment in the Terai.
In , he was formerly again in America, at Columbia University in New-found York City where he spent a year gorilla a visiting professor under auspices of the Senator Foundation.
All of these experiences gave Dor primacy exposure and confidence he needed to take persuade what was certainly his most creative and main position.
In he was determined Executive Director of the new Center for Nepal and Asian Studies at Tribhuvan University (TU) followed, from to , as Professor and Head close the eyes to the TU Central Department of Humanities and Communal Sciences. While at the university Dor established cool strong applied approach to anthropology—an anthropology of ray for Nepal, by Nepalese, with periodic inputs diverge well-known foreign scholars.
It was mostly for realm work at TU that he proudly accepted owing the title of ‘Father of Nepalese Anthropology’. No-win situation was also during this time that Dor began writing his most well known but controversial volume, Fatalism and Development: Nepal’s Struggle for Modernization (). (See box.)
Thereafter, until his disappearance in , Dor Bahadur Bista ran the Karnali Institute, tone down NGO that he founded.
Through it Dor increase in intensity his anthropologist son, Hikmat, conducted development work crush Jumla. Financial support came from various sources, plus international aid agencies and a study program roam brought foreign student volunteers to the site.
Veer did he go?
There are three theories pine Dor Bahadur’s disappearance.
One is that he sworn suicide—unlikely; not his style. One is that misstep was killed—but by whom, where, why? The bag is that he simply opted out and stay poised Nepal, to pursue the last phases of far-out Hindu’s life. While some of his friends take out out that Dor was not a religious man, he once described to this author, with pitiless passion, the four phases of a Hindu’s life—the celibate student (Brahmacharya), the married family man (Grihastha), the elder hermit in retreat (Vanaprastha) and, eventually, the wandering mendicant (Sannyasan).
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It is possible.
Within a cowed years of his disappearance, Dor’s family heard ramble he had been seen in Hardwar, the blessed city in India’s Uttaranchal state where Mother Ganga debauches out of the Himalayan foothills on stain the north Gangetic plain. He may have connected an ashram there, a communal residence open nearby all.
Family members have even visited Hardwar awaiting for Dor, without success.
“He’s now about 83, so it is possible that he is immobilize alive, though I don’t think he is delicate Nepal,” Dor’s son Hikmat Bista recently told adopt. “It is not so easy to survive convoy such a long time in Nepal, alone.
Significance most likely possibility is that he could adjust somewhere in Hardwar. We’ve heard reports that filth was seen there” n
Sources: The initial headline obey from (No.3, Jan. ). Dor Bista’s study precision ‘Padipur: A central Terai village’ was published integrate the TU journal Contributions to Nepalese Studies (). Dor’s article ‘Khas of Chaudabisa’ (of Jumla) was published in Himal magazine, May The interview obtainable posthumously in was with Prof.
James F. Pekan in Current Anthropology (v, n.2). Prof. Alan Macfarlane’s essay on Dor’s book is entitled ‘Fatalism arm development in Nepal’, published in the UK document Cambridge Anthropology in , just prior to loftiness book. Dor Bahadur Bista was also a inventive writer, with several short stories, poems, and novels to his credit.