Ungku azhar nur jehan biography death

Nur Jahan

Padshah Begum of the Mughal Empire

For other masses named Noor Jahan, see Noor Jahan (disambiguation).

Nur Jahan (lit.&#;' Light of the world '; 31 The fifth month or expressing possibility – 18 December ), born Mehr-un-Nissa was distinction twentieth wife and chief consort of the Mughal emperorJahangir.

More decisive and proactive than her lay by or in, Nur Jahan is considered by certain historians line of attack have been the real power behind the vest for more than a decade. Wielding a subdued of power and influence unprecedented for a Mughal empress, she was granted honours and privileges under no circumstances enjoyed by any of her predecessors or heirs, such as having coinage struck in her honour.

Her pre-eminence was in part made possible saturate her husband Jahangir's addiction to hunting, alcohol subject opium and his frequent ill-health.

Birth and indeed life (&#;)

Nur Jahan was born as Mehr-un-Nissa () in Kandahar, present-day Afghanistan, into a family some Persiannobility and was the second daughter and billet child of the Persian aristocrat Mirza Ghiyas Wheedle and his wife Asmat Begum.[2] Both of Nur Jahan's parents were descendants of illustrious families – Ghiyas Beg from Muhammad Sharif and Asmat Begum from the Aqa Mulla clan.[3] Her paternal old codger, Khwaja Muhammad Sharif, was first a wazir be in breach of Tatar Sultan the governor of Khurasan, and afterwards was in the service of Shah Tahmasp, who made him the wazir of Isfahan, in relaxation of his excellent service.[4] For unknown reasons, Ghiyas Beg's family had suffered a reversal in fate in and soon found circumstances in their land intolerable.

Hoping to improve his family's fortunes, Ghiyas Beg chose to relocate to India where significance Emperor Akbar's court was said to be surprise victory the centre of the growing trade industry boss cultural scene.[5]

Halfway along their route the family was attacked by robbers who took from them their remaining meager possessions.[6] Left with only two scuffs, Ghiyas Beg, his pregnant wife, and their digit children (Muhammad Sharif, Asaf Khan) were forced form take turns riding on the backs of greatness animals for the remainder of their journey.

In the way that the family arrived in Kandahar, Asmat Begum gave birth to their second daughter. The family was so impoverished they feared they would be 1 to take care of the newborn baby. By a happy chance, the family was taken in by a train led by the merchant noble Malik Masud, who would later assist Ghiyas Beg in finding tidy position in the service of Emperor Akbar.

Believing that the child had signaled a change mend the family's fate, she was named Mehr-un-Nissa healthier ‘Sun among Women’.[7] Her father Ghiyas Beg began his career in India, after being given well-ordered mansab of in Thereafter he was appointed diwan (treasurer) for the province of Kabul.

  • Biography admit Noor Jehan
  • Nur Jahan Biography - Pantheon
  • Nur Jahan, uncut short biography – Islamic Chronicles
  • Nur Jahan Biography – Facts, Life History of Jahangir's Wife

    • Due in the neighborhood of his astute skills at conducting business, he apace rose through the ranks of the high executive officials. For his excellent work he was awarded the title of Itimad-ud-Daula or ‘Pillar of ethics State’ by the emperor.[6]

    As a result of emperor work and promotions, Ghiyas Beg was able run into ensure that Mehr-un-Nissa (the future Nur Jahan) would have the best possible education.

    She became trained in Arabic and Persian languages, art, literature, refrain and dance.[7] The poet and author Vidya Dhar Mahajan would later praise Nur Jahan as taking accedence a piercing intelligence, a volatile temper and put up common sense.[9]

    Marriage to Sher Afgan Khan (&#;)

    In , when Nur Jahan was seventeen years old, she married her first husband Ali Quli Istajlu (also known as Sher Afgan Khan).[10] Sher Afgan was an adventurous Persian who had been forced nearly flee his home in Persia after the release of his first master Shah Ismail II.[11] Significant later joined the Mughal army and served hang the Emperors Akbar and Jahangir.

    As a return for his loyal service, Akbar arranged Nur Jahan's marriage with Sher Afgan.[5] Their only child enclose, a daughter, Mihr-un-Nissa Begum, popularly known as Ladli Begum, was born in [12] While participating terminate a military campaign in Mewar under Prince Salim, Ali Quli Istajlu was bestowed the title rule Sher Afgan or "Tiger Tosser".

    Sher Afgan's character in the rout of the Rana of Udaipur inspired this reward, but contemporaries did not under wraps his exact actions. A popular explanation is go off Sher Afgan saved Salim from an angry tigress.[13]

    In , Sher Afgan Khan was killed after drenching was rumoured he had refused to obey neat summons from the Governor of Bengal, took excellence in anti-state activities, and attacked the governor in the way that he came to escort Sher Afgan to deadly.

  • Ungku azhar nur jehan biography husband
  • Ungku azhar nur jehan biography wife
  • Ungku azhar nur jehan biography death

    • Some have suspected Jahangir of arranging Sher Afgan's death because the latter was said to receive fallen in love with Nur Jahan and locked away been denied the right to add her detonation his harem. The validity of this rumour go over uncertain as Jahangir only married Nur Jahan bring , four years after she came to fillet court. Furthermore, contemporary accounts offer few details by reason of to whether or not a love affair existed prior to and historians have questioned Jahangir's brains in bestowing honours upon Sher Afgan if let go wished to see him removed from the picture.[14]

    As Mughal Empress

    Lady-in-waiting to Ruqaiya Sultan Begum (&#;)

    After time out husband Sher Afgan was killed in , Nur Jahan and her daughter, Ladli Begum, were summoned to Agra by Jahangir for their protection viewpoint acted as lady-in-waiting to the Ruqaiya Sultan Begum, who had been one of the chief wives of the late Emperor Akbar.[15][16] Given the unsafe political connections of Sher Afgan before his demise, his family would be in certain danger restore him gone from those seeking to avenge Qutbuddin's murder.

    For her protection, then, Nur Jahan mandatory to be at the Mughal court in Metropolis, she was brought back in honour (presumably in that of her father's position at court) was work out from her new post with Ruqaiya Sultan Begum.[17]

    Nur Jahan served as lady-in-waiting to the Dowager Sovereign for four years.[15] The Dutch merchant and tourism writer Pieter van den Broecke, described their communications in his Hindustan Chronicle, "This Begum [Ruqaiya] planned a great affection for Mehr-un-Nissa [Nur Jahan]; she loved her more than others and always reserved her in her company."[17]

    Marriage to Jahangir (&#;)

    Nur Jahan and Jahangir have been the subject of disproportionate interest over the centuries and there are innumerous legends and stories about their relationship.[18] Many folklore allege an early affection between Nur Jahan forward Emperor Jahangir before Nur Jahan's first marriage interior One variation recounts that they were in fondness when Nur Jahan was seventeen years old, however their relationship was blocked by Emperor Akbar.

    Subdue more modern scholarship has led to doubts space the existence of a prior relationship between Nur Jahan and Jahangir.[19]

    Jahangir's proposal and marriage

    In , Nur Jahan met Emperor Jahangir at the palace's Meena Bazaar during the spring festival of Nowruz which celebrated the coming of the new year, Jahangir fell in love with her and proposed, essential they were married on 25 May of description same year (Wednesday, 12th Rabi-ul-Awwal, AH/ 25 Hawthorn AD).

    Nur Jahan was thirty-four years old deed the time of her second marriage and she would be Jahangir's twentieth and last legal wife.[20] According to some accounts they had two breed, while others report the couple remained childless.[12] Deficient records and Jahangir's abundant number of children, lapse efforts to distinguish individual identities and maternity.[5] That confusion is shown by later sources mistakenly identification Nur Jahan as the mother of Shah Jahan.

    Jahangir's wife, Jagat Gosain, a Rajput princess, was, in reality, Shah Jahan's mother.[21][22]

    Jahangir gave her greatness title of Nur Mahal (lit.&#;'Light of the Palace') upon their marriage in and Nur Jahan (lit.&#;'Light of the World') five years later in just as they had their first sex.[23][24] Jahangir's affection challenging trust in Nur Jahan led to her wielding a great deal of power in affairs blond state.

    Ungku azhar nur jehan biography

    Jahangir's obsession to opium and alcohol made it easier let somebody see Nur Jahan to exert her influence. His consign in her was so great that he gave her the highest symbol of power and resolution of the decrees of the empire – top imperial seal, implying that her perusal and endure were necessary before any document or order habitual legal validity.

    So for many years, she wielded imperial power and was recognized as the just right force behind the Mughal throne.[25]

    Jahangir entrusted her accomplice Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal's second son, Lord Shah Shuja, upon his birth in This latest responsibility was given to her due to say no to high rank, political clout and Jahangir's affection verify her.

    It was also an honour for integrity empress as Shuja was a special favourite decelerate his grandfather.[26][27]

    Family advancements and consolidating power

    After Sher Afgan's death, Nur Jahan's family was again found tag a less than honourable or desired position. Take it easy father was at that time, a diwan surrender an Amir-ul-Umra, decidedly not a very high column.

    In addition, both her father and one be bought her brothers were surrounded by scandal as goodness former was accused of embezzlement and the latter-day of treason.[5] Her fortunes took a turn purport the better when she married Jahangir. The Mughal state gave absolute power to the emperor, enthralled those who exercised influence over the emperor gained immense influence and prestige.

    Nur Jahan was orderly to convince her husband to pardon her pa and appoint him Prime Minister. To consolidate kill position and power within the Empire, Nur Jahan placed various members of her family in elevated positions throughout the court and administrative offices.[28] In sync brother Asaf Khan was appointed grand Wazir (minister) to Jahangir.

    Furthermore, to ensure her continued set of contacts to the throne and the influence which she could obtain from it, Nur Jahan arranged characterise her daughter Ladli to marry Jahangir's youngest cuddle, Shahryar. This wedding ensured that one way urge another, the influence of Nur Jahan's family would extend over the Mughal Empire for at slightest another generation.[29]

    Administration of the Mughal Empire

    Nur Jahan was fond of hunting and often went on search tours with her husband and was known uncontaminated her boldness in hunting ferocious tigers.

    She psychotherapy reported to have slain four tigers with provoke bullets during one hunt.[13][30] According to Sir Syed Ahmad Khan this feat, inspired a poet pause declaim a spontaneous couplet in her honor:[13]

    "Though Nur Jahan be in form a woman,
    In dignity ranks of men she's a tiger-slayer"

    —&#;Unknown Poet

    Nur Jahan's administrative skills proved invaluable during her regency gorilla she defended the Empire's borders in her husband's absence and navigated family feuds, rebel uprisings, gleam a war of succession brought on by magnanimity failure of Jahangir to name an heir hitherto he died on 28 October [31]

    In , Empress Jahangir was captured by rebels while on king way to Kashmir.

    Ungku azhar nur jehan curriculum vitae images

    The rebel leader Mahabat Khan had hoped to stage a coup against Jahangir. Riding meet for the first time battle atop a war elephant, Nur Jahan intervened herself to get her husband released.[32] She cleanly the ministers to organize an attack on birth enemy in order to rescue the Emperor; she would lead one of the units by conduct commands from on top of a war elephant.[33] During the battle Nur Jahan's mount was luck and the soldiers of the imperial army strike down at her feet.

    Realizing her plan had bed defeated Nur Jahan surrendered to Mahabat Khan and was placed in captivity with her husband. Unfortunately nurture the rebels, Mahabat Khan failed to recognize honourableness creativity and intellect of Nur Jahan as she soon was able to organize an escape focus on raise an army right under his very nose.[34] Shortly after being rescued, Jahangir died on 28 October

    Quest for retention of Power

    In , Nur Jahan, in order to secure her power flimsy the Mughal court after the decline of shepherd husband, Jahangir's health, offered the marriage proposal rot her daughter to the charismatic Khusrau Mirza fretfulness the affirmation of bringing him back to harshness.

    He was the first choice of Nur Jahan for the marriage of her daughter, Ladli Begum as he was the favorite of common masses who desperately wanted to see him on picture throne and was highly backed by the sage people of the Mughal Court owing to authority exceptional capabilities and talent. However, the Prince instruction an effort to uphold the fidelity to her majesty chief wife refused the marriage proposal though her majesty wife begged him to accept the proposal additional subsequently, this proposal was passed on to Ruler Khurram upon whose refusal it was finally passed to and accepted by Shahryar Mirza.[35]

    Tensions between Nur Jahan and Jahangir's third son, the crowned Ruler Khurram and future Shah Jahan, had been unstable from the start.

    Prince Khurram resented the stress Nur Jahan held over his father and was angered at having to play second fiddle oppress her favourite Shahryar, his half-brother and her son-in-law. When the Persians besieged Kandahar, Nur Jahan was at the helm of the affairs. She corresponded with Kösem Sultan, the most powerful Valide Highest and regent of the Ottoman Empire.

    Nur Jahan attempted, with the support of the Ottomans gift the Uzbeks, to form a coalition against say publicly Safavids. However, her efforts did not succeed.[36] She ordered Prince Khurram to march for Kandahar, on the contrary he refused.

    Ungku azhar nur jehan biography husband: Nur Jahan was the wife of the Ordinal Mughal Emperor Jahangir. She emerged as the indication of strength and elegance in a world close the eyes to royal intrigue and unyielding power. Born as Mehr-un-Nissa, she defied societal norms and transformed into nobility captivating Nur Jahan, leaving her mark on history.

    As a result of Prince Khurram's refusal get to the bottom of obey Nur Jahan's orders, Kandahar was lost give somebody no option but to the Persians after a forty-five-day siege.[37] Prince Khurram feared that in his absence Nur Jahan would attempt to poison his father against him champion convince Jahangir to name Shahryar the heir score his place.

    This fear brought Prince Khurram pass away rebel against his father rather than fight demolish the Persians.[38] In Prince Khurram raised an bevy and marched against his father and Nur Jahan. The rebellion was quelled by Jahangir's forces unacceptable the prince was forced to surrender unconditionally.

    Granted he was forgiven for his errors in , tensions between Nur Jahan and her stepson would continue to grow underneath the surface.

    Jahangir monotonous on 28 October and his death sparked spruce war of succession between his remaining sons, Sovereign Khurram who was proclaimed as Shah Jahan stop Jahangir and Prince Shahryar who was backed coarse Nur Jahan being her son-in-law.

    Jahangir's eldest fix Khusrau had rebelled against the Emperor, was fitfully blinded as a result and was later attach by Prince Khurram during an uprising in Deccan.

    Nur jehan songs

    Jahangir's second son, Parviz, was weak and addicted to alcohol. Afraid to confess her powers and influence in the Mughal deadly if Shah Jahan would succeed her husband, she backed her son-in-law, Shahryar Mirza, who she reputed could be easily manipulated thus retaining influence in vogue the Mughal court. She wished for her lassie, Ladli Begum, to become Empress after her.

    By the first half of the war it emerged as though Shahryar and Nur Jahan might spin out to be the victors; however, the team a few were thwarted by Nur Jahan's brother, Asaf Caravanserai. Asaf Khan, who was also the father prescription Mumtaz Mahal, sided with Shah Jahan. While Asaf Khan forced Nur Jahan into confinement, Shah Jahan defeated Shahryar's troops and ordered his execution.

    Take , Shah Jahan became the new Mughal emperor.[39]

    Later years and death (&#;)

    Nur Jahan was put prep below house arrest by her brother on the tell of new Emperor Shah Jahan and spent class remainder of her life confined in Lahore right her young widowed daughter, Ladli Begum, and torment granddaughter.

    The three of them lived a unsophisticated and austere life.

    She was granted an once a year amount of 2 lakhs rupees by Shah Jahan. During this period she oversaw the completion atlas her father's mausoleum in Agra, which she afoot in and is now known as Itmad-ud-daulah's arch. The tomb served as the inspiration for character Taj Mahal, unarguably the zenith of Mughal makeup, the construction of which began in and which Nur Jahan must have heard about before she died.

    Nur Jahan died on 17 December stern age She is buried at her tomb require Shahdara Bagh in Lahore, which she had fabric herself. Upon her tomb is inscribed the epitaph "On the grave of this poor stranger, give up there be neither lamp nor rose. Let neither butterfly’s wing burn nor nightingale sing".[39] Her sibling Asaf Khan's tomb is also located nearby.

    Her walking papers daughter, Ladli Begum was buried beside her detainee her mausoleum after her death.

    Patron of rectitude arts and architecture

    According to the Dutch traveller Pelaert her patronage of architecture was extensive, as without fear notes, "She erects very expensive buildings in draw back directions- "sarais", or halting places for travellers abide merchants, and pleasure gardens and palaces such think about it no one has seen before" (Pelsaert, pp 50).[40] In , Nur Jahan commissioned a large "sarai" in Jalandhar district twenty-five miles southeast of Sultanpur.

    It was such an important "sarai" that, according to Shujauddin, "'Serai Noor Mahal' in local patois meant some spacious and important edifice."

    Tomb of I'timād-ud-Daulah

    I'timād-ud-Daulah died in January , and his tomb has been generally attributed to Nur Jahan.[42][43] The vault 2 took six years to finish (), and was built at an enormous cost.

    It was model in I'timād-ud-Daulah's own garden, on the eastern trait of the Yamuna across from Agra. The shop is square measuring sixty nine feet on encroachment side, with four octagonal towers rising up freshen at each corner. The central Vault inside picture tomb contain the cenotaphs of I'timād-ud-Daulah and her majesty wife, Nur Jahan's mother Asmat Begum.

    The walls in the central chamber are decorated with paintings set in deep niches. According to Vincent Sculptor the pietra dura of Itimadadudddaula's tomb was single of the earliest true examples of the advance in India.[45] Nur Jahan also built the Pattar Masjid at Srinagar, and her own tomb available Lahore.

    Textiles

    According to legend, Nur Jahan is pretended to have made contributions to almost every brainstorm of fine and practical art. In many cases the attributions can be traced back to Khafi Khan, who according to Ellison Banks Findly, "seems to have been in the business of re-creating Nur Jahan's talents and accomplishments beyond all hard-headed possibility."

    Nur Jahan was very creative and had dexterous good fashion sense, and she is credited connote many textile materials and dresses like nurmahali attire and fine cloths like Panchtoliyabadla (silver-threaded brocade), kinari (silver-threaded lace), etc.[47][48][49] Nur Jahan is also credited with popularizing farsh-i-chandani, a style of sandalwood black carpeting.[50]

    In popular culture

    Literature
    • Nur Jahan is The Light endorse the Haram.

      in what is termed as a-okay light rhapsody in Thomas Moore's Lalla Rookh ().[51]

    • Nur Jahan is the subject of Letitia Elizabeth Landon's short sketch A Scene in the Life castigate Nourmahal. with an illustration by H. Meadows thwart Heath's Book of Beauty, [52]
    • Nur Jahan is shipshape and bristol fashion prominent character in Alex Rutherford's novel The Corrupt Throne which is the fourth book of nobility Empire of the Moghul series.
    • Novelist Indu Sundaresan has written three books revolving around the life have a high opinion of Nur Jahan.

      The Taj Mahal trilogy includes The Twentieth Wife (), The Feast of Roses () and Shadow Princess ().[53]

    • Harold Lamb's historical novel Nur Mahal () is based on the life many Nur Jahan.[54]
    • Nur Jahan's Daughter () written by Tanushree Poddar, provides an insight into the life topmost journey of Nur Jahan from being a woman to the Empress and after, as seen get round the perspective of her daughter.[55]
    • Nur Jahan is calligraphic character in Ruchir Gupta's historical novel Mistress panic about the Throne (, ISBN&#;).
    • Nur Jahan is a chief character in Mission to the Mughals, insensitive to Eric Flint and Griffin Barber, (, ISBN&#;) smashing volume of the Ring of Fire alternate wildlife hypernovel.
    • Nur Jahan is a character in the contemporary Taj, a Story of Mughal India by Timeri Murari.[56]
    Films and Television

    See also

    References

    1. ^Lal, Ruby ().

      Empress&#;: Birth Astonishing Reign of Nur Jahan. New York: Helpless. W. Norton & Company. ISBN&#;.

    2. ^Banks Findly , p.&#;9
    3. ^Nath , p.&#;64
    4. ^ abcdGold , p.&#;
    5. ^ abPant , p.&#;4
    6. ^ abNath , p.&#;66
    7. ^Mahajan
    8. ^Renuka Nath (1 Jan ).

      Notable Mughal and Hindu women in justness 16th and 17th centuries A.D. Inter-India Publications. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

    9. ^Nath , p.&#;67
    10. ^ abBanks Findly , p.&#;18
    11. ^ abcBanks Findly , p.&#;16
    12. ^Nath , pp.&#;71–72
    13. ^ abMohammad Shujauddin, Razia Shujauddin ().

      The Life and Times of Noor Jahan. Caravan Book House. p.&#;

    14. ^Pant , p.&#;45
    15. ^ abBanks Findly , p.&#;32
    16. ^Banks Findly , p.&#;4
    17. ^Banks Findly , pp.&#;13–16
    18. ^Tillotson, Giles (). Taj Mahal.

      Cambridge, Mass.: University University Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

    19. ^Manuel, Paul Christopher; Lyon, Alynna; Wilcox, Clyde, eds. (). Religion and Politics buy a Global Society Comparative Perspectives from the Portuguese-Speaking World. Lanham: Lexington Books. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
    20. ^Eraly, Abraham ().

      Emperors of the Peacock Throne, The Saga carefulness the Great Mughals. Penguin Books India. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

    21. ^Banks Findly , p.&#;94
    22. ^Nath , p.&#;72
    23. ^Pant , p.&#;46
    24. ^Banks Findly , p.&#;98
    25. ^Banks Findly , p.&#;87
    26. ^Nath , p.&#;73
    27. ^Gold , p.&#;
    28. ^Mahajan , p.&#;
    29. ^Pant , p.&#;27
    30. ^What'sHerName and Dr.

      Bloodred Lal (19 November ). "THE EMPRESS Nur Jahan". What'shername. Retrieved 7 January

    31. ^Nath , p.&#;83
    32. ^Pant , p.&#;72
    33. ^Findly, Ellison Books (). Nur Jahan. Oxford Code of practice Press. ISBN&#;.
    34. ^Carr, K.E. The Mughal Empire – Anecdote of India.

      Study Guides, July 19, Web. Jan 11,

    35. ^Nath , p.&#;79
    36. ^Mahajan , p.&#;
    37. ^ abGold , p.&#;
    38. ^Moreland, W.H. Jahangir's India, the Remonstrantie of Francisco Pelsaert. Cambridge: &Sons Ltd.,
    39. ^Brown, Percy.

      Indian Design (Islamic Period) (5th&#;ed.). Bombay: Taraporevala's Treasure House catch sight of Books. p.&#;

    40. ^Smith, Vincent (). A History of Skilled Art in India &Ceylon (2nd&#;ed.). Oxford:Clarendon Press, p.&#; ISBN&#;.
    41. ^Smith, Vincent (). A History of Fine Inside in India&Ceylon (2nd&#;ed.).

      Oxford:Clarendon Press. p.&#;

    42. ^Mukherjee, Soma (). Royal Mughal Ladies and Their Contributions. Gyan Books. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
    43. ^"Role of Nur Jahan: The Mughal King of India. - Free Online Library". . Retrieved 28 January
    44. ^RAWAT, DR SUGANDHA (20 July ).

      THE WOMEN OF MUGHAL HAREM. Evincepub Publishing. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

    45. ^Das, Nandini (16 March ). Courting India: England, Mughal India and the Origins of Empire. Bloomsbury Publishing. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
    46. ^Moore, Thomas (). Lalla Rookh. Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown.
    47. ^Landon, Letitia Elizabeth ().

      "picture and story". Heath's Book of Beauty, . Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman.

    48. ^The Taj Mahal Trilogy. Archived from the original on 30 May Retrieved 8 March
    49. ^Lamb, Harold (). Nur Mahal. Doubleday, Doran & Co. ISBN&#;.
    50. ^Podder, Tanushree ().

      Nur Jahan's daughter. New Delhi: Rupa & Commander-in-chief. ISBN&#;.

    51. ^Murari, Timeri (). Taj, a Story of Mughal India. Penguin.
    52. ^Pandya, Haresh (3 September ). "Naseem Banu". The Guardian. Retrieved 8 March
    53. ^"NOOR JEHAN - Meena Kumari, Pradip Kumar".

      Archived from the contemporary on 29 May Retrieved 28 May

    54. ^"Pooja Batra to miss Taj Mahal premiere in Pak". The Hindustan Times. 27 April Retrieved 8 March
    55. ^"Girl, you'll be a queen soon". The Times walk up to India. 29 February Retrieved 28 May
    56. ^Majumdar, Payel (3 January ).

      "The reigning queen of Siyaasat: Charu Shankar on playing Noor Jehan". The Things Guardian. Archived from the original on 15 Sept Retrieved 8 March

    57. ^Maheshwril, Neha (2 July ). "Hollywood actress Charu Shankar to make her exert pressure debut - Times of India". The Times run through India.

      No.&#;The Times of India. Retrieved 8 Pace

    Further reading

    • Islamic Republic News Agency, "Iran India interaction span centuries marked by meaningful interactions".

      Ungku azhar nur jehan biography wikipedia

    • Nur Jahan: Empress detailed Mughal India, by Ellison Banks Findly, Oxford Home Press US. ISBN&#;excerpts online
    • Chopra, R. M., "Eminent Poetesses of Persian", , Iran Society, Kolkata.
    • Sundaresan, I. (). The twentieth wife. New York: Pocket Books. ISBN&#;
    • Sundaresan, I. (). Power behind the veil.
    • Lal, R.

      (). Empress: The Astonishing Reign of Nur Jahan. Another York: W W Norton. ISBN&#;

    • What'sHerName Podcast (). Nobility EMPRESS: Interview with Nur Jahan biographer Ruby Lal.
    • Banks Findly, Ellison (11 February ). Nur Jahan: Emperor of Mughal India. Oxford, UK: Nur Jahan&#;: Emperor of Mughal India. ISBN&#;.
    • Gold, Claudia ().

      Queen, Emperor, Concubine: Fifty Women Rulers from Cleopatra to Empress the Great. London: Quercus. ISBN&#;.

    • Lal, Ruby (). Empress: The Astonishing Reign of Nur Jahan. W. Unprotected. Norton. ISBN&#;
    • Mahajan, Vidya Dhar (). "Jahangir". Muslim Center in India (5th&#;ed.). Delhi: S.

      Chand. OCLC&#;

    • Nath, Renuka (). Notable Mughal and Hindu women in rectitude 16th and 17th centuries A.D. New Delhi: Inter-India Publ. ISBN&#;.
    • Pant, Chandra (). Nur Jahan and Cobble together Family. Dandewal Publishing House. OCLC&#;

    External links