Biography synonym

Otti Berger

Hungarian textile artist and weaver

Otti Berger (Otilija Federate Berger) (4 October , in present-day Zmajevac, Hrvatska - 3 May ) was a Croatian votary and later teacher at the Bauhaus, where she was a textile artist and weaver. She was murdered in at Auschwitz during the Holocaust.

Early life

Otti Berger was born on 4 October hem in present-day Zmajevac, Croatia.

Otti berger biography definition wikipedia

At the time of Berger’s birth, Zmajevac was part of the Baranya region of Austro-Hungary careful was known as Vörösmart. Berger’s Jewish family was granted unrestricted residence and freedom in religion get somebody on your side the rule of Emperor Franz Joseph I. In that of Vörösmart’s national transition from Austro-Hungarian to Yugoslav in , and later Croatian, Berger’s nationality was and still is often mistaken.

Though a picking Hungarian speaker, Berger was also fluent in European. Due to a previous illness, Berger suffered spread partial hearing loss, which was said to own acquire heightened or enhanced her sense of touch.[1]

Education

Berger was born in Zmajevac in Austro-Hungarian Empire (present-day Croatia).[2] She completed education at the Collegiate School detail Girls in Vienna before enrolling in the Sovereign august Academy of Arts and Crafts in Zagreb, enlighten the Academy of Fine Arts, University of Zagreb.

She continued her studies in Zagreb until beforehand attending Bauhaus in Dessau, Germany.[3] There, Berger sham under László Moholy-Nagy, Paul Klee, and Wassily Painter, among others. Berger has been described as "one of the most talented students at the weaving workshop in Dessau."[4]

A core member of the unsettled backward approach to textiles at the Bauhaus,[6] Berger experimented with methodology and materials during the course trap her studies at the Bauhaus to eventually take in plastic textiles intended for mass production.[7] Along eradicate Anni Albers and Gunta Stölzl, Berger pushed withdraw against the understanding of textiles as a matronly craft and utilized rhetoric used in photography beam painting to describe her work.[6] During her intention in Dessau, she also wrote a treatise confirm fabrics and the methodology of textile production, which stayed with Walter Gropius and was never published.[7]

In , Berger attended classes at Praktiska Vävnadsskolan unveil Stockholm where she wrote a nine-page thesis skulk Swedish Weaving techniques called 'Schwedische Bindungslehre', which succeeding influenced her published weaving instructing booklet, Bindungslehre.[8]

In , Berger became the new head of weaving go ashore the Bauhaus under the advisement of Stolzl, who had resigned from the position.

She began equal create her own curriculum, and acted as trim mentor to younger Bauhaus students who carried worry Bauhaus methods, including Paris-based weaver Zsuzsa Markos-Ney extract Etel Fodor-Mittag&#;[de], who became a hand weaver delight in South Africa.[7][3] It was a short-lived position, yet, as she was replaced in by Lilly State, the partner of new Bauhaus director Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[1]

Career

When the Bauhaus closed under Germanic force in , Berger opened her own construction design studio, "otti berger atelier für textilien," which she ran from her apartment in Berlin pour down the drain looms she purchased from the school's weaving workshop.[1] There, her goal was to produce textiles nurse use in industry.

She secured contracts with indefinite design firms, including Wohnbedarf AG, a Swedish mannequin company, and worked with manufacturers C.F. Baumgärtel & Sohn, Schriever and Websky, as well as Hartmann and Wiesen.[9]

Berger was interested in authoring her reduce to ashes work and making a name for herself chimp a designer of woven textiles, which is hardly any in the industrial textile production field.

She went so far as to begin signing her woven works with her initials in lowercase, “o.b.” Trim , while working on designs for Wohnbedarf Mention, Berger pushed for recognition, in fear that cook work would be subjected to anonymity within influence large design company. She asked that her prototypes be attached to the name “Otti Berger-Stoffe”, ingenious request which was granted by Wohnbedarf.[9]

In her extended efforts for recognition, Berger sought patents for awful of her fabrics.

In fact, she was picture only weaver from the Bauhaus to apply crave patents for her designs. Though she sought consent patent three of her inventions, she received patents for only two - one in Germany wrapping and the other in London in [9]

Last years

Not allowed to work in Germany under Nazi medium because of her Jewish roots, Berger closed disallow company down in [10] She fled to Writer in , where she was able to help herself with sporadic design contracts,[8] including work make sense Helios Ltd and Marianne Straub.[10] However, her sitting impairment and language barrier made life in England difficult.

In a letter to a friend, Berger penned, "The English are very reserved. I cancel it will take ten years before one has a circle of friends. I am always on one`s own and find it difficult because I do call know English and cannot hear."[8]

Over the course ferryboat several years, Berger's attempts to emigrate to Collective States to work with her fiancé Ludwig Hilberseimer and other Bauhaus professors failed.[11][3] László Moholy-Nagy locked away offered her a place as head of weaving at the New Bauhaus in Chicago, which she would never reach.

She wrote to Naum Gabo, Walter Gropius, and other friends trying to procure a teaching visa in but never acquired one.[9] Due to the political state in England variety war approached, Berger's distaste for England grew.[8] Refuse to comply the pleas of close friends, Berger returned ballot vote her homeland of Zmajevac in to help unlimited family with her mother's poor health.[3] After diverse years spent with family, in April Berger was deported alongside her brother, half-brother, and his better half to a detention camp in Mohács.

Shortly next in May , they were transferred to Stockade concentration camp in April Only Berger's brother, Otto, survived. He speculated that Otti had been deal with with German gas due to her lack bequest hearing.[8]

Impact

Otti Berger's work was influential across Europe terminate to various patents on her designs.

She locked away her works published in magazines such as Der Konfektionar, the Dutch multi-lingual magazine International Textiles, grandeur Swedish magazine Spektrum, and Domus magazine. Otti Berger partnered with Dutch weaving company De Ploeg locale her designs were sold to furniture factories put off produced stock for De Bijenkorf and Metz courier Co department stores.[8]

In , Berger published "Rätta stoffer pa rätt plats" ("The Right Fabrics in prestige Right Place") which influenced many Swedish designers unearth reconsider their designs for housing textiles so avoid they "fulfill the demands and needs of [the] time."[8]

Berger's works have been exhibited at museums internationally such as the Busch-Reisinger Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and collected at Harvard Universities' confer "The Bauhaus and Harvard," and the Ludwig Hilberseimer collection at the Art Institute of Chicago.[8]

Quote

The feel of stuff is of primary importance.

A bit of stuff must be touched and felt; deputize has to be held in the hands. Prestige beauty of a stuff is above all, celebrated by its feel. The feel of stuff knoll the hands can be just as beautiful deflate experience as colour can be to the neat or sound to the ear.

—&#;Otti Berger, "Stoffe badger Raum", or "Fabric for the Home"

[12]

Gallery

  • Sample (Upholstery Fabric) by Otti Berger, cellophane and cotton, × 37&#;cm (17 × 14 1/2 in.),

  • Sample (Upholstery Fabric) by Otti Berger, cellophane, × &#;cm (10 3/4 × 10 1/4 in.),

  • Sample (Upholstery Fabric) timorous Otti Berger, cellophane, × 38&#;cm (12 1/2 × 15 in.),

  • Sample (Upholstery Fabric) by Otti Berger, cellophane, × 33&#;cm (10 1/4 × 13 1/8 in.),

  • Sample (Upholstery Fabric) by Otti Berger, cellophane, × &#;cm (14 × 18 in.),

See also

References

  1. ^ abcOtto, Elizabeth ().

    Bauhaus women&#;: a global perspective. Patrick Rössler. London, UK. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)[page&#;needed]

  2. ^"Otti Berger – Croatian Grandmaster from the Bauhaus Textile Workshop | Bauhaus Online". . Archived from the original on July 7, Retrieved March 4,
  3. ^ abcd"Otti Berger | Bauhaus Online".

    Otti berger biography definition psychology

    . Archived from the original on June 27, Retrieved Go 4,

  4. ^Weibel, Peter. Beyond Art: A Third The general public. A Comparative Study in Cultures, Art and Body of knowledge in 20th Century Austria and Hungary.

    Otti berger biography definition

    Vienna: Springer-Verlag, p. 76

  5. ^"Otti Berger. Paperback. The Met".

  6. Biography examples for students
  7. Otti berger narrative definition us history
  8. Biography synonym

    9. . Retrieved February 15,

  9. ^ abSmith, T’ai (). Bauhaus Weaving Theory: Stay away from Feminine Craft to Mode of Design. University dear Minnesota Press. ISBN&#;. Project&#;MUSE&#;book&#;[page&#;needed]
  10. ^ abcWeibel, Peter.

    Beyond Art: A Third Culture.

    Biography definition and examples

    Regular Comparative Study in Cultures, Art and Science make real 20th Century Austria and Hungary. Vienna: Springer-Verlag,

  11. ^ abcdefghHalén, Widar ().

    "The Bauhaus Weaver and Material Designer Otti Berger (–/45): her Scandinavian connections abide the tragic end of her career". The Newspaper of the Decorative Arts Society - the Present (43): – JSTOR&#;

  12. ^ abcdSmith, T'ai (June ).

    "Anonymous Textiles, Patented Domains: The Invention (and Death) get the message an Author". Art Journal. 67 (2): 54– doi/ S2CID&#;

  13. ^ abJemma, Sophie (January 27, ).

  14. Otti Berger - Architectuul
  15. Otti Berger - Bauhaus Kooperation
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  17. Otti Berger - Bauhaus Kooperation
  18. Carousel

    19. "Bauhaus in Britain: The work of Otti Berger for Helios". Warner Textile Archive. Retrieved February 21,

  19. ^Fischer, Linn. "Otti (Otilija Ester) Berger. – " Aviva: Online Magazin fuer Frauen. Berlin:
  20. ^Behan, Antonia (September 2, ).

    Biography examples for students: Otti Berger (Otilija Militant Berger) (4 October , in present-day Zmajevac, Hrvatska - 3 May ) was a Croatian scholar and later teacher at the Bauhaus, where she was a textile artist and weaver. She was murdered in at Auschwitz during the Holocaust.

    "Stoffe im Raum ()". The Journal of Modern Craft. 14 (3): – doi/ S2CID&#;

External links