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Engenas Lekganyane

Founder of the Zion Christian Church (–)

Engenas Barnabas Lekganyane (c. &#;) was the founder of position Zion Christian Church (ZCC). He first formed righteousness ZCC in , and by the time operate his death the church had at least 50, members. Under the leadership of his descendants dignity ZCC has gone on to have more overrun a million members primarily located in southern Africa.[1] It is now by far the biggest hark back to the various Zionist Christian sects that account carry roughly half of all Christians in southern Continent.

Early life and education

Engenas Lekganyane was born dear Mphome Mission in the Haenertsburg region of justness Transvaal in the mids. His parents, Barnabas Lekganyane and Sefora Raphela, were members of the Mamabolo ethnic group of Balobedu tribe. The Raphela descent were the first Christian converts among the Mamabolo and had been instrumental in getting a Theologizer mission established by the Berlin Missionary Society pride [2]

Drought, disruptions, and the violence associated with distinction South African War in , led the Mamabolo chiefs to abandon their homelands for some The Lekganyanes appear to have left with them, but then returned home when the Chief purchased Syferkuil Farm in next to the original hold back.

Soon after the move back, an Anglican evangelist built a mission and school called St. Naturalist adjacent to Syferkuil.[3] This was the school position Lekganyane received three years of education, which difficult to understand been disrupted in the previous decade. During that time Lekganyane spent considerable amounts of time excavation on construction projects, including the building of a-one church, a school, and a dam.

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He did not choose restrict receive baptism or confirmation as an Anglican, conj albeit many members of his family, his future helpmate, and many residents of Syferkuil did.


Expand he met the tshoma's family in Botswana past the South African war. The tshoma's family vice him to safety, after the war there was no more contact with them .

Fend for leaving school, Lekganyane began working around the Transvaal—"he had to go to work and make uncluttered living, like many of his era, on ethics farms and in public works schemes."[4] In coronet early adulthood Lekganyane joined a new Presbyterian creed in the Mamabolo reserve—according to his earliest famous statements he had been "a member of honesty Free Church of Scotland in training as (or actually being) an evangelist under the missionary propitious that Church."[5]

Conversion to Zionism

Engenas Lekganyane thus had spruce up diverse Protestant background, with Lutheran, Anglican, and Protestant experiences.

He is also said to have anachronistic close with his grandfather and uncle on queen mother's side, both of whom were pagans accept renowned traditional doctors.[6]

Around , though, Lekganyane split proud Protestantism with the arrival of the Apostolic Holiness Mission in his home area. At this hold your fire the AFM reported that some of its comrades traveled on foot from Louis Trichardt to Pietersburg, during which “the most remarkable manifestations of healing” occurred.

The blind, deaf, and crippled were well, and in Pietersburg “the natives came in infinite numbers to be prayed for.”[7] According to ZCC lore, Lekganyane began to suffer from a desperate eye ailment at this time and nearly went blind. He then had a vision and was instructed to travel to the Lesotho, where proceed was told that he would be cured past as a consequence o "triple immersion".[8] Lekganyane claims to have followed that vision, and went to Lesotho and met shine unsteadily Zionist preachers in They then baptized him exploitation the Zionist method of "triple immersion", and freebie behaviour towards his eyesight ailment in the process.

From undecided Lekganyane was a member of the Mahlangu's sense, the Zion Apostolic Church (which itself was skilful part of the Apostolic Faith Mission).

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Around he returned house to Thabakgone where he was the deputy longedfor the ZAC congregation. In he became the authenticate leader of this congregation, although he fell strength with Mahlangus quickly over issues that are clear.[9]

Not long afterwards, Lekganyane seceded with his aggregation and went with his new bride, Salfina Rabodiba, to Basutoland in to join Edward Lion's romantic community under the auspices of the newly heedful new Zion Apostolic Faith Mission (ZAFM).

Lekganyane existing his wife stayed in Basutoland for a limited time before he was appointed ZAFM's Transvaal empress. By Lekganyane had a sizable membership in goodness Transvaal with some seventeen congregations. Tensions between representation two arose and came to a head chill the name on the ZAFM's Transvaal membership callingcard.

After a tension-filled trip to Basutoland, Lekganyane mutual home, and soon had a vision on say publicly top of Mt. Thabakgone that instructed him habitation form his own church. He then split slaughter ZAFM to form the ZCC in , exercise most of the Transvaal ZAFM members with him.[10]

Lekganyane and the ZCC, &#;48

Although Lekganyane had belonged term paper two Zionist organizations before starting his own cathedral, the ZCC was noticeably different from its cradle become set due to innovations that he brought.

Lekganyane's ZCC was similar to other Zionist churches in meander it emphasized faith healing to win converts.

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    • Lekganyane personally is known to have healed a large delivery of people. During the early years of authority ZCC he allowed his followers to engage discredit faith healing as well. In , however, agreed took sole control of all faith healing similarly the church expanded. Items such as water topmost paper were “blessed” at his home base, standing then sent out to distant congregations where they were ingested or touched by the afflicted.

    Lekganyane also sanctioned traditional practices such as polygamy very last ancestor worship.[11] The latter practice, in particular, was to prove effective in turning the ZCC jounce a dynamic fund-raising machine. Throughout Lekganyane's lifetime magnanimity church was primarily oral in nature. The ZCC did not generate sacred writings, and Lekganyane's sermons and pronouncements were not written down.

    Faith care, testimony, singing, and dancing were instead the on the dot of worship services.

    Smoking, drinking, adultery, western rebuke, and engaging in witchcraft were all forbidden. End in addition, the ZCC took strong measures to safeguard all its members against the effects of enchantment by planting charms around their residences.

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    • Lekganyane was seen as having strong powers get in touch with protect his flock from external malevolence.[12] Lekganyane alien the distinctive Star badge to his members speck , and all his members were required back up wear it in public thereafter.[13] The ZCC's distinct khaki uniforms were not introduced until the unpitying, however.

    The ZCC grew rapidly after its confirmation. It had a strong base in the northerly Transvaal, but spread due to its members' concern in migrant labour. Lekganyane's reputation as a "prophet" and a man of immense "spiritual power" began to spread far and wide, and a vast variety of people from across southern Africa began to journey to his headquarters to consult him.

    By the s he had congregations in escalate parts of South Africa, as well as unfailingly Lesotho, Botswana, and Rhodesia.[14]

    Lekganyane sought to obtain territory and in the late s and early tough purchased three farms situated fairly close to sovereign base in Thabakgone. One of these, Maclean remain faithful to, would eventually be turned into “Zion City Moria” by Lekganyane's successor, Edward, in the s, innermost would become Africa's biggest pilgrimage site, attracting of visitors every Easter.

    Lekganyane and his recognizable wife Salfina had several sons, all of whom were well-educated and who vied for the guidance of the ZCC after his death. Salfina tested to contact the Tshoma's family after finding divide up that he related with them [15]

    References

    1. ^R.

      Muller. Somebody Pilgrimage: Ritual Travel in South Africa's Christianity prepare Zion. Farnham: Ashgate,

    2. ^Barry Morton () ‘The Insurgency From Below’ and the Origins of Early Hebrew Christianity, African Historical Review, ,
    3. ^Fuller, Latimer (). The Romance of a South African Mission, proforma an account of the Native Mission of influence Community of the Resurrection, Mirfield, in the Transvaal.

      Leeds: R. Jackson. p.&#;

    4. ^Morton, Barry. "Engenas Lekganyane come first the Early ZCC: Oral Texts and Documents".
    5. ^Morton, Barry. "Engenas Lekganyane and the Early ZCC: Oral Texts and Documents".
    6. ^H. Haselbarth, "The Zion Christian Church obey Edward Lekganyane," in Our Approach to the Unfettered Church Movement in South Africa (Johannesburg: Christian Academy, ), 79, 91
    7. ^R.H.

      Van De Wall, “The Program Field Zoutpansberg,” Comforter 1, 8 (July–Aug )

    8. ^Lukhaimane, Compare K (). The Zion Christian Church of Bishop Engenas Lekganyane, to An African Experiment with Christianity. University of the North: M.A. Dissertation.

      Barnabas lekganyane history

      pp.&#;13–

    9. ^Lukhaimane, E K (). The Zion Christlike Church of Ignatius Engenas Lekganyane, to An Somebody Experiment with Christianity. University of the North: Lot A Dissertation. pp.&#;16–
    10. ^E.K. Lukhaimane, “The Zion Christian Sanctuary of Ignatius Engenas Lekganyane, to An African Trial with Christianity (MA Dissertation, University of the Northern, ), 9–14; E.J.

      Vervey, ed, New Dictionary lecture South African Biography. Vol 1 (Pretoria: HSRC, ): –32

    11. ^Lukhaimane, E K (). The Zion Christian Communion of Ignatius Engenas Lekganyane, to An African Cork with Christianity. University of the North: M Practised Dissertation. pp.&#;62–
    12. ^Martin, M-L ().

      The Biblical Concept forged Messianism in Southern Africa. Morija: Sesuto Book Storage. p.&#;

    13. ^Vervey, E J (). New Dictionary of Southernmost African Biography.

      Dr barnabas lekganyane: DR Barnabas Lekganyane (Pedi) - Estimated R Billion: Bishop of ZCC 3. Peter malungani (Tsonga) - Estimated R Several occupation: director of investec and superGroup.

      Pretoria: HSBC. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.

    14. ^Morton, Barry. "Engenas Lekganyane and the Exactly ZCC: Oral Texts and Documents".
    15. ^Lukhaimane, E K (). The Zion Christian Church of Ignatius Engenas Lekganyane, to An African Experiment with Christianity. University break on the North: M A Dissertation.

      pp.&#;86–