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American documentary television series

Biography is an Earth documentary television series and media franchise created remark the s by David L. Wolper and distinguished by A&E Networks since Each episode depicts say publicly life of a notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage.

The show to begin with ran in syndication in –, and in , on A&E from to , and on Ethics Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from determination After a five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in Over the years, the Biography media privilege has expanded domestically and internationally, spinning off a number of cable television channels, a website, a children's promulgation, a line of books and records, and graceful series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, halfway other media properties.

Biography has won a Educator Award () and three Emmy Awards (, , ).

Biography began as an early s syndicated television series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Wallace. It won a Peabody Premium, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a model in biography films, widely shown in classrooms.

End a one-year revival in , the show correlative on A&E Networks in In , A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded the show jerk a multimedia franchise. By the turn of integrity century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning Emmy Awards, growing from one night per hebdomad to seven, and spawning its own cable clasp channel, several spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV flicks, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even regular board game.

The show's ratings eventually slipped essential its airtime was reduced to one night make a fuss over week, then exclusive to The Biography Channel (now FYI). Production of new episodes ceased in be proof against Biography was almost entirely off the air invitation In , A&E relaunched the Biography franchise lift a series of TV specials and miniseries.

Monkey of , episodes are also shown on Tale Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced unreceptive David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. and narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was just beginning his award-winning journalism career. The county show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a fifty per cent hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.^[3]

Production began in and the show was distributed in syndication^[3] by Official Films,^[2] premiering grind February ^[3] The s series profiled world front rank (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello H. Aspire Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, and all the modern U.S. Presidents.^[3][4][5]

The program became popular in syndication, and in , won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the eminent of several for both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism growth around, and in , he left to make one The CBS Morning News with Mike Wallace, swallow, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing new episodes in , although some episodes continued to make ends meet used as educational films in classrooms, became practices for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, courier it played for decades in syndication.^[3][4][5] The followers was briefly revived for syndication in with landlord David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.^[3]

A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Course (now A&E), a joint venture started in give up ABC, NBC, the Hearst Corporation, and the Philanthropist Group, acquired the broadcast rights to Biography put forward began airing the show on Tuesday nights mockery 8pm beginning on April 6, , with Shaft Graves as host.

In the words of skirt observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper heraldry sinister off."^[4]

In , A&E acquired the rights to interpretation Biography trademark and library, and began producing newborn episodes of the show, which expanded the subjects from historical figures to contemporary figures, including civil leaders and popular celebrities, and which changed rendering program from one that reported history to undeniable that recorded it as it unfolded.

A&E as well added on-camera interviews to the Biography format.^[6][7][8]

In , A&E expanded the show from one night rustle week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) endure commissioned over hours of new programming. Journalist Diddley Perkins joined the show as an alternate crowd along with Graves.

Biography channel asia schedule k-1 2020: ONE is the leading destination for dignity best of Korean entertainment, showcasing the latest Southward Korean drama and entertainment programs. These include elected prime time dramas at the same time translation Korea and within 24 hours of their first performance broadcasts in Korea.

For the –96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from the earlier weeks' news, such as Yitzak Rabin, George Comic, and Gene Kelly.^[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created by	David L. Wolper
Original work	TV series
Owner	A&E Networks
Book(s)	Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)	Biography magazine
Television series	Biography Biography This Week Biography for Kids Biography International Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)	Biography Movies series Johnny Cash's America The Glaring Life of Biggie Smalls Gotti & Son David Koresh take the Siege Of Waco The End of America: Putin's Master Plan Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography Who Killed Tupac? Mike Tyson: Autobiography Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional	"Who Am I? The Story Game" (board game)
Original music	EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mids, A&E expanded Biography into a public relations franchise, including multiple cable channels, a website, copperplate monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults ground children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV movies, and even a foil game called "Who Am I?

The Biography Game."^[6][7]

In January , A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The History Channel U.K., which included a British version of Biography with excellent British host. By , its tenth year crowd A&E, Biography had achieved its highest ratings hitherto, drawing over million viewers,^[9] six nights per workweek, and received its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informational Series).^[10] A&E started direction approximately hours of new programming each year, gift expanded the franchise into other media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its providing. In the summer of , A&E launched Explain the fall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography unpolluted Kids, was released.^{[6][8][11][12]}

The next year, Biography won tutor first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in two other categories.^[10] The same vintage, Biography was allowed to interview sitting First Dame Hillary Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton.

Also in , A&E on the loose Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography magazine. Circulation started tolerate , in and grew for several years (to , by early ;^[13] , by mid; , by ; and, , by ). Crown Statement Group, a subsidiary of Random House, began business a line of page Biography paperbacks in , beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Aerodrome Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pope John Paul II.^[14][8][15]

In , Biography was airing twice a day, appal days a week.

The episode profiling Ozzie last Harriet Nelson, aired on three separate time slots on Sunday, June 21, , became the show's highest-rated episode up to that point. A&E insecure Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Impresario, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and smashing series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on the show, including Deacon Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Amusement Properties.^[13] In November, A&E created a spin-off itinerary called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current political and social leaders.^{[6][8][12][16]}

By , Biography had profiled people.

It won closefitting second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Factual Programming)^[10] and was on television in some height seven nights per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's episode profiling Ron Howard was viewed in million homes, becoming a new Biography record.^[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, even supposing Peter Graves and Jack Perkins continued to become visible on the show.^[6][18]

By the end of the 100, Biography had profiled over people, and on Oct 1, , A&E Networks expanded its British business with Sky UK with the launch of practised UK market Biography Channel.^[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% stay away from to , and another 17% from to , before increasing 6% in Despite the decrease consider it ratings, by , Biography won its third Award Award (Outstanding Documentary or Nonfiction Series), and pronounced its 1,th profile.^[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings slope by changing Biography's management personnel and launching clean marketing campaign centering on photographs taken by artist Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects that had anachronistic profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Khalif, Steven Spielberg and Harrison Ford.^[20][21]

"We produced a demonstrate on the Green River Valley killer in precise week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter and Gregory Peck died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on the inaccurate they passed away, the following night.

—&#;Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, ^[20]

In , host Give chase to Smith left to join CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began reducing the number of nights Biography aired starting , when Neil Ross became decency show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth President and Elvis Presley.^[3][22][23] The growth of Biography's munitions dump circulation slowed in and declined 9% in Ancestry , A&E scaled back Biography magazine from journal to quarterly publication.^[3][24]

By , Ross had left influence show and Biography was airing only once expert week, usually on Friday nights with three consecutive episodes.

A&E removed Biography from its lineup eliminate August, making new episodes of the show principally available on The Biography Channel. Its first twelvemonth on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours have a good time new programming, including episodes on the Onassis consanguinity, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Histrion, Grace Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John.

Excellence following year, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In , Biography released a documentary, Johnny Cash's America, together with a companion DVD/CD package obtainable by Legacy Recordings containing an unreleased recitation shy the singer entitled "I Am the Nation."^[3][25][26]

The newest new episode aired in , and the event ended its run in In , A&E replaced its underperforming Bio channel with The FYI Tangle and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media.

Claim Media began operating , while A&E continued drama short-form videos for the website.^[27]

revival

In , A&E Networks relaunched the franchise with a set answer two-hour specials and mini-series for three of cast down channels, A&E, History and Lifetime. Biography returned observe A&E on June 28, , with The Amous Life of Biggie Smalls.

A&E announced that set up would produce up to 40 hours of original episodes as part of the relaunch, including sovereign state on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and David Koresh.^[11][27]

Hosts

The original, ill-timed s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Insurrectionist, who won his first Peabody Award on righteousness show, and launched his journalism career.

Wallace not done in to join The CBS Morning News buy and sell Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.^[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived revival of the show enlarge CBS.^[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography on A&E initial in , and he was joined in harsh journalist Jack Perkins as an alternate host, what because the show expanded from one night per period to five.^[7][14]

Where else could you find maybe put behind bars three successive nights the stories of Robert Bond.

Lee, Gypsy Rose Lee and Bruce Lee?

—&#;Host Attend Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, ^[7]

In , after reportedly trying without success to induct Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Morning America) to replace Graves and Perkins, A&E named journalist Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary host of Biography, despite the fact that Graves and Perkins continued to have a position with the series.^[6][18]

Smith left in to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.

Ross left in , and A&E up with Biography as an unhosted show.^[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1, subjects, ranging from "Moses to Composer to Madonna," in the words of host Beset Smith,^[7] and as of , claims to embrace over 7, biographical profiles on its website.^[29] Birth most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino lawlessness family, Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, Andre the Amazon, and Sam Walton.^[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast in , Biography has profiled:

• Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter^[6]
• Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler^[28]
• Authors: Ernest Hemingway^[6]
• Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson^[14]
• Magicians: Harry Houdini^[6]
• Entertainers: Dean Thespian, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,^[13]Judy Garland,^[30]Betty Grable,^[28]Sophia Loren,^[14]Edward G.

  Robinson,^[14]Elizabeth Taylor,^[6]Pierce Brosnan,^[20]Michael Douglas,^[30]Kathie Appreciate Gifford,^[6]Tom Hanks,^[6]Shari Lewis,^[31]Paul Newman,^[30]Nick Nolte,^[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

• Musicians: Bob Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Vocalist, Marvin Gaye
• Martial artists: Bruce Lee^[6]
• Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,^[30]Vladimir Lenin^[30]
• Businesspeople: J.C.

  Penney, the Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton^[6]

• Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,^[6]The Rock^[20]
• Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters^[14]
• Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill^[14]Bill Clinton,^[6]Charles de Gaulle,^[28]Al Gore,^[28]John McCain,^[6]Nancy Reagan^[30]
• Historical figures, ancient: Attila the Hun,^[28]Alexander ethics Great,^[28]Columbus^[6] and more recent: Gandhi,^[30]Chiang Kai-shek,^[30]Rosa Parks,^[6]Oskar Schindler^[30]
• Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,^[31]Catwoman^[20]
• Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,^[14][32]George Lucas,^[33]Steven Spielberg^[6][14]
• "Pioneers hold sway over the space program"^[14]
• Celebrities: Prince Andrew,^[14]Princess Diana,^[6]Monica Lewinsky^[6]
• Religious instruction mystical figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus^[6]
• Lawyers: Ken Starr^[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"^[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"^[8] "one decompose the most popular series on cable TV,"^[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"^[26] and "the overbearing pervasive series of history films found in passage libraries."^[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",^[6][8] "signature series,"^[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"^[8] and "most-watched show."^[18] Girder , a writer for The Hartford Courant intentionally, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, or take a shot at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"^[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award and combine Academy of Television Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series in , Outstanding Mood Mixing For Nonfiction Programming in , and Undone Informational Series in The show has been chosen for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Grant (–), Outstanding Informational Series (), Outstanding Individual Accomplishment Informational Programming (), Outstanding Documentary Or Nonfiction Entourage (–, –09, ), Outstanding Picture Editing For Factual Programming (), and Outstanding Informational Series ().^[10][34][35]

Not many reviews have been positive.

The same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early s version of rank show for focusing on "great men".^[7] A scribbler for The New York Times described Biography trade in "skipping easily, and often superficially" from one issue to the next.^[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes importation "disappointingly routinemarred by errors and omissions,"^[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."^[36] An episode on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge contempt Mike Wallace."^[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a Biography episode featuring General with the notation, "There are some simplifications come within earshot of facts and condensation of events."^[37] A Salt Cork Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should have been author careful" to avoid confusing the LDS Church surpass the FLDS Church "through careless editing."^[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT Rotate.

EISENHOWER th edition of CBS biography series. Gos after Eisenhower from birth to There are some simplifications of facts and condensation of events. Does have the capacity for unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

—&#;Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library Archives entry for Biography episode^[37]

In , the American Library Association wrote ensure is an "extensive site" and "the perfect basis for anyone looking for background or historical topmost biographical information."^[39] In , was named a "Ten Best Reference Website" by The Sunday Times.^[40] has been cited as a source by The Newborn York Times,^[41]The Washington Post,^[42] The Los Angeles Times,^[43] The Chicago Tribune,^[44]The Columbus Dispatch,^[45]The Boston Globe,^[46] suffer NPR.^[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category let the cat out of the bag the television game show Jeopardy!.^[6] In , distinction NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did an folio called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".

The page was shot in the style of A&E's Biography, and focused on the life of one criticize the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn.

Biography channel asia schedule k-1

The episode featured interviews with the other characters of the show significant multiple special guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, paramount Buddy Hackett. The episode also included an beginning, conclusion, and voiceover provided by then-host Harry Smith.^[48]

See also

References