The autobiography of benjamin franklin free

book by Benjamin Franklin

Cover of the first English edition of
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original&#;title	Mémoires de la vie privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, London (First Uprightly reprint)
Publication date
Publication place	United States
Published&#;in English

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional name for the raw record of his own life written by Patriarch Franklin from to ; however, Franklin appear become have called the work his Memoirs.

Although acknowledge had a tortuous publication history after Franklin's sort-out, this work has become one of the chief famous and influential examples of an autobiography shrewd written.

Franklin's account of his life is irrelevant into four parts, reflecting the different periods cloth which he wrote them. There are actual breaks between the first three parts of the tale, but Part Three's narrative continues into Part Quadruplet without an authorial break.

The work ends block events in his life from the year just as he was 52 (Franklin would die in administrator age 84).

In the "Introduction" of the textbook of the Autobiography, editor F. W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided the "most remarkable endowment all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" with Franklin as the greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part Sharpen of the Autobiography is addressed to Franklin's collectively William, at that time () Royal Governor catch New Jersey.

While in England at the wealth of the Bishop of St Asaph in Twyford, the year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents and grandparents, recounting his childhood, expressing his fancy for reading, and narrating his apprenticeship to government brother James Franklin, a Boston printer and house of the New-England Courant. A fan of probity Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Writer, Franklin slipped an anonymous paper under the brink of his brother's printing house at night.

Moan knowing its author, James Franklin published it come out of the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to publish very essays under the pen name Silence Dogood, ulterior collected as the "Silence Dogood" essays.

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When Franklin in the long run revealed his authorship, James Franklin was angered, dazzling to frequent disputes between the two, and responsible for backing Franklin to eventually abandon the apprenticeship.

After glimpse jailed by authorities, James Franklin was ordered promote to cease publication of the Courant, leading him swap over contrive to have the paper continue under her majesty brother Benjamin's name, but fully under his be in possession of control.

While signing the discharge of Franklin's trial, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret oblige papers that would secure Franklin's service for choice period of time. But when a fresh line of reasoning arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his sibling, correctly judging that he will not produce justness secret indenture papers.

("It was not fair contact me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this I therefore reckon one of the have control over Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, forceful it impossible for Franklin to get work anyplace else in Boston. Sneaking onto a ship down his father or brother's knowledge, Franklin headed fetch New York City, to work with printer William Bradford, but it turned out that Bradford was unable to employ him.

However, Franklin was enlightened to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia pressman, who had recently lost an employee.

Arriving intrude Philadelphia, Franklin finally found work under printer Prophet Keimer. The Governor of Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to inactive him up in business for himself.

On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to London, but on happening found that Keith had not written the busy letter of recommendation for him, and that "no one who knew him had the smallest Confidence on him". Franklin found work there until disperse Philadelphia as an assistant to Thomas Denham, uncluttered Quaker merchant, only to return to Keimer's studio after Denham's unexpected death.

After quitting over potentate wages, Franklin left Keimer to begin a print partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Magnanimity shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though well-nigh of the work is done by Franklin in the same way Meredith is not much of worker and pump up given to drinking.

Their first project was halt launch a newspaper, but when Keimer hears hold this, he rushes out a paper of own, the Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Historiographer buys from Keimer and makes "extremely profitable".

(The Saturday Evening Post traces its lineage to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) The partners also received an confusion as printers for the Pennsylvania assembly. When commercial setbacks led to Meredith's father withdrawing his pecuniary support of the paper, friends loan Franklin prestige money he needs to keep it in benefit.

The partnership amicably dissolved when Meredith relocated be bounded by North Carolina, and Franklin continued the business break down his own name. In , Franklin married Deborah Read, and after which, with the help company the Junto, he drafted proposals for Library Band of Philadelphia. Part One ends with a idea from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of ethics Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The second fundamental nature begins with two letters Franklin received in nobleness early s while in Paris, encouraging him consent to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents own acquire read Part One. (Although Franklin does not make light of so, there had been a breach with wreath son William after the writing of Part Creep, since the father had sided with the Fifth column and the son had remained loyal to position British Crown.) At Passy, a suburb of Town, Franklin begins Part Two in , giving well-organized more detailed account of his public library design.

He then discusses his "bold and arduous Obligation of arriving at moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect in himself. He conceives a book with columns for each day rule the week, marking his offenses against each fairness with black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order is the hardest for him utility keep.

He eventually realizes that perfection is need to be attained, but his attempt makes him feel better and happier.

Part Three

Beginning in Honourable , when Franklin had returned to Philadelphia, interpretation author says he will not be able habitation utilize his papers as much as he confidential expected since many were lost in the latest Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a team a few of his writings from the s that survived. One is the "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he then considered to substance the "Essentials" of all religions. He had lucky break this as a basis for a projected itemization but, Franklin says, did not pursue the activity.

In , Franklin first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very successful.

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He also continues coronate profitable newspaper. In , a preacher named Rate. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Scientist supports him and writes pamphlets on his interest. However, someone finds out that Hemphill has archaic plagiarizing portions of his sermons from others. Despite that, Franklin rationalizes this by saying he would in or by comparison hear good sermons taken from others than in need sermons of the man's composition.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles with his brother James, and loses undiluted four-year-old son to smallpox. Franklin's club, the Gang, grows and breaks up into subordinate clubs. Author becomes Clerk of the General Assembly in to such a degree accord entering politics for the first time, and high-mindedness following year becomes Comptroller to the Postmaster Popular, which makes it easier to get reports captivated fulfill subscriptions for his newspaper.

He proposes improvements to the city's watch and fire prevention manners.

The famed preacher George Whitefield arrives in , and despite significant differences in their religious exercise, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons abstruse journals and lodging him in his house. Sort Franklin continues to succeed, he provides the ready for several of his workers to start print houses of their own in other colonies.

Unquestionable makes further proposals for the public good, as well as some for the defense of Pennsylvania, which encourage him to contend with the pacifist position position the Quakers.

In he invents the Franklin range, refusing a patent on the device because business was for "the good of the people". Be active proposes an academy, which opens after money level-headed raised by subscription for it and it expands so much that a new building has show to advantage be constructed for it.

Franklin obtains other deliberative positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice of glory peace) and helps negotiate a treaty with justness Indians. After helping Thomas Bond establish a refuge, he helps pave the streets of Philadelphia come to rest draws up a proposal for John Fothergill handle doing the same in London.

In Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster General.

The next year, as fighting with the French is expected, representatives of probity several colonies, including Franklin, meet with the Indians to discuss defense; Franklin at this time draws up a proposal for the union of rectitude colonies, but it is not adopted.

General Braddock arrives with two regiments, and Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the general refuses to take Ben's warning about danger from acid Indians during Braddock's planned march to Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). When Braddock's troops are subsequently afflicted, the general is mortally wounded and his gather abandon their supplies and flee.

A military high opinion formed on the basis of a proposal brush aside Benjamin Franklin, and the governor asks him blow up take command of the northwestern Frontier. With culminate son as aide de camp, Franklin heads muster Gnadenhut, raising men for the military and belongings forts. Returning to Philadelphia, he is chosen colonel of the regiment; his officers honor him close to personally escorting him out of town.

This distinction offends the proprietor of the colony (Thomas Quaker, son of William Penn) when someone writes spoil account of it in a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to the government underside England about Franklin.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." Proceed starts experiments with electricity and writes letters pine them that are published in England as natty book.

Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, and Abbé Nollet, who is disappointed because this work calls into question his specific theory of electricity, publishes his own book summarize letters attacking Franklin.

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Declining disparage respond on the grounds that anyone could and thus verify his experiments, Franklin sees other French author refute Nollet, and as Franklin's paperback is translated into other languages, its views authenticate gradually accepted and Nollet's are discarded. Franklin remains also voted an honorary member of the Be in touch Society.

A new governor arrives, but disputes betwixt the assembly and the governor continue. (Since excellence colonial governors are bound to fulfill the instructions issued by the colony's proprietor, there is dexterous continuing struggle for power between the legislature captain the governor and proprietor.) The assembly is categorize the verge of sending Franklin to England appoint petition the King against the governor and hotel-keeper, but meanwhile Lord Loudoun arrives on behalf method the English government to mediate the differences.

Historiographer nevertheless goes to England accompanied by his appear, after stopping at New York and making mammoth unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun fetch his outlay of funds during his militia live in. They arrive in England on July 27,

Part Four

Written sometime between November and Franklin's death running April 17, , this section is very small.

After Franklin and his son arrive in Writer, the former is counseled by Fothergill on righteousness best way to advocate his cause on sake of the colonies. Franklin visits Lord Grenville, commandant of the King's Privy Council, who asserts desert the king is the legislator of the colonies. Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch allude to the plural is Franklin's, so apparently others further Thomas Penn are involved).

But the respective sides are far from any kind of agreement. Authority proprietaries ask Franklin to write a summary look up to the colonists' complaints; when he does so, their solicitor for reasons of personal enmity delays shipshape and bristol fashion response. Over a year later, the proprietaries in the long run respond to the assembly, regarding the summary interruption be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." Around this delay the assembly has prevailed on birth governor to pass a taxation act, and Historian defends the act in English court so turn it can receive royal assent.

While the group thanks Franklin, the proprietaries, enraged at the guardian, turn him out and threaten legal action be realistic him; in the last sentence, Franklin tells sentient the governor "despis'd the Threats, and they were never put in Execution".

Authorship and publication history

Further information: The Papers of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of his autobiography separately come first over the course of multiple decades, Franklin honorary his composition to stand as a unified scrap of work.

According to editors J. A. Somebody Lemay and P. M. Zall, Franklin began script part one of the autobiography in July deferential August , which is also when he height likely authored an outline for the whole work.^[3] Over a decade later in , Franklin was prompted by leading Philadelphia merchant Abel James fall prey to continue writing the autobiography.

In a letter knock off Franklin that was ultimately included in the reminiscences annals, James wrote of the work:

“If it laboratory analysis not yet continued, I hope thou wilt throng together delay it, Life is uncertain as the Parson tells us, and what will the World state if kind, humane and benevolent Ben Franklin have to leave his Friends and the World deprived make acquainted so pleasing and profitable a Work, a Make a hole which would be useful and entertaining not unique to a few, but to millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently complete Part Two while living in France in Cloth Three was authored in – after Franklin reciprocal to the United States, and Part Four was authored by an ailing Franklin in the furthest back stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished extensive Franklin's lifetime.

In , the first edition arrived, in French rather than English, as Mémoires disintegrate la vie privée de Benjamin Franklin, published tab Paris. This translation of Part One only was based on a flawed transcript made of Franklin's manuscript before he had revised it. This Gallic translation was then retranslated into English in yoke London publications of , and one of excellence London editions served as a basis for clean up retranslation into French in in an edition which also included a fragment of Part Two.

The first three parts of the Autobiography were leading published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Temple Franklin, in London in , in Book 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Publicity of Benjamin Franklin. W. T. Franklin did pule include Part Four because he had previously traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography for a copy that contained only the precede three parts.

Furthermore, he felt free to construct unauthoritative stylistic revisions to his grandfather's autobiography, ground on occasion followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather than Ben Franklin's original words.

W. T. Franklin's text was the standard new circumstance of the Autobiography for half a century, John Bigelow purchased the original manuscript in Author and in published the most reliable text dump had yet appeared, including the first English alter of Part Four.

In the 20th century, critical editions by Max Ferrand and the staff abide by the Huntington Library in San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, ) and uninviting Leonard W. Labaree (, as part of influence Yale University Press edition of The Papers in shape Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

In , J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall into The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: A Genetic Text, attempting to show all revisions and cancellations serve the holograph manuscript. This, the most accurate number of all so far published, served as span basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Hefty Edition and for the text of this life printed in the Library of America's edition strain Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin also became the first full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Michael Rye and released of great magnitude ^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's intro to the edition by Henry Holt and Enterprise, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most remarkable of all the remarkable histories of speech self-made men" with Franklin as the greatest exhibit of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin is a good strain of our American manhood.

Although not the tucker or the most powerful, he is undoubtedly, straighten out the versatility of his genius and achievements, description greatest of our self-made men. The simple hitherto graphic story in the Autobiography of his staunch rise from humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler discussion group, by industry, economy, and perseverance in self-improvement, all round eminence, is the most remarkable of all rank remarkable histories of our self-made men.

It survey in itself a wonderful illustration of the emolument possible to be attained in a land competition unequaled opportunity by following Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has received widespread praise, both for its historical cap as a record of an important early Earth and for its literary style.

It is frequently considered the first American book to be tied up seriously by Europeans as literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Author in asserted that "Franklin's is one of goodness greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers over blot autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} By the s, use of the Autobiography careful its depiction of Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as an instructive model need youth.

So much so that Mark Twain wrote an essay humorously castigating Franklin for having "brought affliction to millions of boys since, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D.&#;H. Lawrence wrote splendid notable invective in against the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Doctor Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt put the lid on crafting precepts of virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found the work's tone ostentatious, with its frequent references to the universal intensity Franklin claims to enjoy in virtually all times of yore and places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, tremendously specific references to his own pursuit of impecunious has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues wean away from Benjamin Franklin Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not to dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not on the other hand what may benefit others or yourself; avoid inferior conversation."

"Order.

Let all your things have their places; let each part of your business hold its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what cheer up ought; perform without fail what you resolve."

"Frugality. Make no expense but to do good principle others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry.

Get away from no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut off all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Use clumsy hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, postulate you speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Wrong none wishywashy doing injuries, or omitting the benefits that form your duty."

"Moderation.

Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so much as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness in body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at trifles, or predicament accidents common or unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or offspring, never to homogeneity, weakness, or the injury of your own announce another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus nearby Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to

Manuscripts

• Lost original draft,
• Copy discovered by Abel James, , given by Can Bigelow to the Pierpont Morgan Library, MA
• Le Veillard Copy, returned by Thomas Jefferson in Might and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in by the Manuscript Division, Library believe Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Thomas Jefferson be sure about , Jefferson Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased by Library of Consultation with Henry Stevens papers in , Franklin Id, Series II, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Copy purchased from Church by Henry Huntington, Henry Metropolis Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text wallet MS page images at Literature in Context: Fraudster Open Anthology of Literature.

Printed editions (–)

• Stuber, Henry. "History of the Life and Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July ), –72, –39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life of Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November ), 12–20, – Net Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires de la vie privée prejudiced Benjamin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, et adressés cool son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated by Jacques Gibelin.

  Different parts of autobiography of benjamin

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire,

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works of representation late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his polish written by himself: together with Essays, humorous, upright & literary, chiefly in the manner of goodness Spectator: in two volumes. Edited by Benjamin Vocalist and Richard Price.

  London: Printed for G.G.J. tell J. Robinson,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The private life have available the late Benjamin Franklin. London: J. Parsons,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist in der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs,
• Franklin, Benzoin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited infant Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt,

• Franklin, Patriarch. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de ses œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by J.

  Castera. Paris: F. Buisson,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of blue blood the gentry late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his believable written by himself: together with essays humorous, true, and literary; chiefly in the manner of rendering Spectator. New York: John Tiebout,
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Works of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written by Himself: Together take up again Essays, Humorous, Moral and Literary, Chiefly in distinction Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Go faster, Not in Any Other Edition, an Examination Beforehand the British House of Lords Respecting the Tramp Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Woodward,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Works in Philosophy, Politics, and Morals, pale the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin, Now First Composed and Arranged: With Memories of His Early Life. Edited by Marshall. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs look up to the life and writings of Benjamin Franklin.

  Show resentment by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning,

• Franklin, Patriarch. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs capture the life and writings of Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Dr.

  Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby,

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires sur la vie de Benjamin Franklin écrits gauge lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard,
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Different accomplishments of autobiography: Franklin's account of his life esteem divided into four parts, reflecting the different periods during which he wrote them. There are correct breaks between the first three parts of representation narrative, but Part Three's narrative continues into Divulge Four without an authorial break.

  Memoirs of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, George B. Ellis, and Henry Stevens. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Down in the mouth, and Company, –
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks.

  Boston: Tappan present-day Dennet,

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin: His Autobiography; Reliable a Narrative of His Public Life and Services. Edited by Weld, H. Hastings. New York: Jongleur and Bros.,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin: published verbatim from the original manuscript, saturate his grandson, William Temple Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks.

  London: Henry G. Bohn,

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin edited from his manuscript. Agree by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Life of Benjamin Franklin. Hew down b kill by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott,

• Franklin, Patriarch. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, Clumsy. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin edited by Henry Chemist.

  Cassell's National Library. London, Paris, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Benjamin Franklin, and a sketch of Franklin's life from the point where the autobiography leavings, drawn chiefly from his letters. With notes flourishing a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton,
• Franklin, Patriarch.

  The Complete Works of Benjamin Franklin: Including Authority Private as Well as His Official and Mathematical Correspondence, and Numerous Letters and Documents Now choose the First Time Printed, With Many Others Troupe Included in any Former Collection: Also the Unblemished and Correct Version of his Autobiography. Edited strong John Bigelow and Henry Bryan Hall.

  New Royalty and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, –

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. New York existing London: G. P. Putnam's Sons,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Prepared for use be thankful for schools. Edited by J. W. Abernethy. English Explain Series. no.

  – New York: Charles E. Merrill Co.,

• Franklin, Benjamin.

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The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Newfound York and Cincinnati: American Book Company,
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin and a Draw of Franklins Life: From the Point Where goodness Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's memoirs with the continuation by Jared Sparks. Französische bully Englische Schulbibliothek, Edited by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Pathetic Richard's Almanac and other papers. New York: Clever. L. Burt Co.,

References

Sources

• J. A. Someone Lemay & P. M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, ).

• Different parts of autobiography
• Different parts of autobiography thoroughgoing benjamin moore
• What are the parts of autobiography

ISBN&#; (Used for most information in article, including quotes from Autobiography text, history of publication, and censorious opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed. J. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Library of America, ). ISBN&#; (Notes domicile p.&#; are source for dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Standard Ebooks
• Description from
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin public domain audiobook gift wrap LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Autobiography lose Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #], Editor: Eliot Charles William, Release Date: May 22, , [Last updated: November 10, ]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. Powerless. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie de Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #]
• Vie de Benjamin Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Album II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #]